How to Fix Malocclusion?
A child’s baby or primary teeth are replaced by their adult or permanent teeth as they age. As the teeth erupt, they may not line up properly. It is also possible that poor alignment is detected during a routine dental exam or when obtaining x-rays.
Misalignment of teeth is called malocclusion in dentistry. When it is not properly treated, it can cause serious oral health issues for the child which will continue for the remainder of their life. These problems can range from minor and barely noticeable to serious and clearly obvious from the patient’s smile.
Causes
It is incredibly common for young patients to have an issue with the alignment of their teeth. These issues become obvious in children as early as age six into young adulthood. A malocclusion can vary in severity and most types of malocclusions are considered hereditary. Causes of malocclusions which are not hereditary are summarized below:
- Extended use of a pacifier or feeding with a bottle
- Prolonged thumb sucking
- Poor dental care or oral hygiene
- Misalignment of the jaw from an injury or illness
- Mouth or jaw tumors
- Poorly shaped teeth or impacted teeth
Diagnosis
Once a malocclusion is diagnosed, the dentist will classify the malocclusion based on the type and severity. The classifications include class one, two and three and are summarized below.
- Class one: the least severe and most common type of malocclusion. This occurs when the upper teeth slightly overlap the lower teeth, leaving the alignment standard.
- Class two: this is a more serious malocclusion and occurs when there is a significant overlap of upper and lower teeth. There is also severe misalignment of the jaw. Retrognathism is the official name for this condition.
- Class three: this occurs due to the reverse of class two and involves a severe underbite. The lower jaw juts forward which causes the lower teeth to overlap with the upper teeth. This condition is called prognathism.
Treatment
Children with a mild malocclusion may not require treatment. In cases of a more serious malocclusion, the patient will be referred to an orthodontist. The orthodontist works with the patient to determine the best method for treatment to resolve the issue.
Treatment for a malocclusion can include an orthodontic treatment such as braces which move the teeth to achieve proper alignment. Other treatments may include extraction of teeth to eliminate overcrowding, reshaping of the teeth, or surgery which can help reshape the jaw. It is common for orthodontic treatments to take several years and be completed in stages. Patients typically visit their orthodontist about every month or two.
While the process can sound daunting and be a large time commitment, the results are well worth the effort. It is imperative to maintain good oral health, which includes fixing a malocclusion. Treating misaligned teeth gives patients great confidence with their smile that will last a lifetime.
Early treatment for a malocclusion helps ensure the best possible outcome. Seeking treatment at a young age can also help expedite the treatment time. Fortunately, adults can also benefit from treating a malocclusion if this was not done in their youth.
Call the office today to discuss any concerns with a malocclusion. The team looks forward to meeting with you and discussing possible treatment options to restore your oral health.